Selasa, 30 Agustus 2016
Static Routing 4 Router
Static
routing (Routing Statis) adalah sebuah router yang memiliki
tabel routing statik yang di setting secara manual oleh para
administrator jaringan. Routing static pengaturan routing paling sederhana
yang dapat dilakukan pada jaringan komputer. Menggunakan routing statik
murni dalam sebuah jaringan berarti mengisi setiap entri dalam
forwarding table di setiap router yang berada di jaringan
tersebut.
Penggunaan routing statik
dalam sebuah jaringan yang kecil tentu
bukanlah suatu masalah, hanya beberapa entri yang
perlu diisikan pada forwarding table di setiap router. Namun
Anda tentu dapat membayangkan bagaimana jika harus melengkapi forwarding table
di setiap router yang jumlahnya tidak sedikit dalam jaringan
yang besar.
Konsep Dasar Routing
1. Forwarding paket dari satu network ke network
lainnya dengan memilih jalur yang terbaik dari routing table
2. Routing memungkinkan dua network atau lebih dapat
berkomunikasi dengan network lainnya
3. Routing table hanya terdiri dari jalur terbaik
untuk masing-masing network destination
Static routing
1. Konfigurasi routing dilakukan secara manual
2. Membutuhkan informasi network destination
3. Setiap network destination disetting manual
4. Digunakan oleh organisasi kecil
5. Memiliki administrative distance 0 atau 1
Kekurangan dan kelebihan dari Routing Statis
diantaranya sebagai berikut :
Dilihat
dari Segi
|
Kelebihan
|
Kekurangan
|
Penggunaan
Next Hop
|
Dapat
mencegah terjadinya error dalam meneruskan paket ke router tujuan apabila
router yang akan meneruskan paket memiliki link yang terhubung dengan banyak
router. Itu disebabkan karena router telah mengetahui next hop, yaitu IP
Address router tujuan.
|
static
routing yang menggunakan next hop akan mengalami multiple lookup atau lookup
yg berulang. lookup yg pertama yang akan dilakukan adalah mencari network
tujuan,setelah itu akan kembali melakukan proses lookup untuk mencari
interface mana yang digunakan untuk menjangkau next hopnya.
|
Penggunaan
exit interface
|
Proses
lookup hanya akan terjadi satu kali saja ( single lookup ) karena router akan
langsung meneruskan paket ke network tujuan melalui interface yang sesuai
pada routing table
|
Kemungkinan
akan terjadi eror keteka meneruskan paket. jika link router terhubung dengan
banyak router, maka router tidak bisa memutuskan router mana tujuanya karena
tidak adanya next hop pada tabel routing. karena itulah, akan terjadi eror
|
Routing static dengan menggunakan next hop cocok digunakan untuk jaringan multi-access network atau point to multipoint sedangkan untuk jaringan point to point, cocok dengan menggunakan exit interface dalam mengkonfigurasi static route.
Recursive route lookup adalah proses yang terjadi pada routing tabel untuk menentukan exit interface mana yang akan digunakan ketika akan meneruskan paket ke tujuannya.
Berikut adalah Konfigurasi di Router 1 nya (R1)
R1>ENABle
R1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#EX
R1(config)#int fa 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.240
R1(config-if)#ex
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R1(config-if)#ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.240
R1>enable
R1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#ip route 50.50.50.0 255.255.255.240 20.20.20.2
R1(config)#ip route 40.40.40.0 255.255.255.240 20.20.20.2
R1(config)#ip route 30.30.30.0 255.255.255.240 20.20.20.2
R1(config)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.10.10.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
20.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 20.20.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
30.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 30.30.30.0 [1/0] via 20.20.20.2
40.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 40.40.40.0 [1/0] via 20.20.20.2
50.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 50.50.50.0 [1/0] via 20.20.20.2
R1(config)#do wr
Building configuration...
[OK]
R1(config)#
R1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/0, changed state to up
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R1(config-if)#no shutdown
R1(config-if)#
%LINK-5-CHANGED: Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
%LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface FastEthernet0/1, changed state to up
R1(config-if)#EX
R1(config)#int fa 0/0
R1(config-if)#ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.240
R1(config-if)#ex
R1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R1(config-if)#ip address 20.20.20.1 255.255.255.240
R1>enable
R1#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#ip route 50.50.50.0 255.255.255.240 20.20.20.2
R1(config)#ip route 40.40.40.0 255.255.255.240 20.20.20.2
R1(config)#ip route 30.30.30.0 255.255.255.240 20.20.20.2
R1(config)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 10.10.10.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
20.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 20.20.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
30.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 30.30.30.0 [1/0] via 20.20.20.2
40.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 40.40.40.0 [1/0] via 20.20.20.2
50.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 50.50.50.0 [1/0] via 20.20.20.2
R1(config)#do wr
Building configuration...
[OK]
R1(config)#
Konfigurasi Pada Router 2 (R2)
R2>enable
R2#conf terminal
R2(config)#ip route 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.240 20.20.20.1
R2(config)#ip route 50.50.50.0 255.255.255.240 30.30.30.2
R2(config)#ip route 40.40.40.0 255.255.255.240 30.30.30.2
R2(config)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 10.10.10.0 [1/0] via 20.20.20.1
20.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 20.20.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
30.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 30.30.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
40.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 40.40.40.0 [1/0] via 30.30.30.2
50.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 50.50.50.0 [1/0] via 30.30.30.2
R2(config)#do wr
Building configuration...
[OK]
R2(config)#
R2#conf terminal
R2(config)#ip route 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.240 20.20.20.1
R2(config)#ip route 50.50.50.0 255.255.255.240 30.30.30.2
R2(config)#ip route 40.40.40.0 255.255.255.240 30.30.30.2
R2(config)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 10.10.10.0 [1/0] via 20.20.20.1
20.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 20.20.20.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
30.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 30.30.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
40.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 40.40.40.0 [1/0] via 30.30.30.2
50.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 50.50.50.0 [1/0] via 30.30.30.2
R2(config)#do wr
Building configuration...
[OK]
R2(config)#
Konfigurasi pada router 3 :
R3>enable
R3#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#int fa 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip add
R3(config-if)#ip address 30.30.30.2 255.255.255.240
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#int fa 0/1
R3(config-if)#ip add
R3(config-if)#ip address 40.40.40.1 255.255.255.240
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#
R3>en
R3#conf terminal
R3(config)#ip route 50.50.50.0 255.255.255.240 40.40.40.2
R3(config)#ip route 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.240 30.30.30.1
R3(config)#ip route 20.20.20.0 255.255.255.240 30.30.30.1
R3(config)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 10.10.10.0 [1/0] via 30.30.30.1
20.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 20.20.20.0 [1/0] via 30.30.30.1
30.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 30.30.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
40.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 40.40.40.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
50.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 50.50.50.0 [1/0] via 40.40.40.2
R3(config)#do wr
Building configuration...
[OK]
R3(config)#
R3#configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R3(config-if)#no shutdown
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#int fa 0/0
R3(config-if)#ip add
R3(config-if)#ip address 30.30.30.2 255.255.255.240
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#int fa 0/1
R3(config-if)#ip add
R3(config-if)#ip address 40.40.40.1 255.255.255.240
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#
R3>en
R3#conf terminal
R3(config)#ip route 50.50.50.0 255.255.255.240 40.40.40.2
R3(config)#ip route 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.240 30.30.30.1
R3(config)#ip route 20.20.20.0 255.255.255.240 30.30.30.1
R3(config)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 10.10.10.0 [1/0] via 30.30.30.1
20.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 20.20.20.0 [1/0] via 30.30.30.1
30.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 30.30.30.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
40.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 40.40.40.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
50.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 50.50.50.0 [1/0] via 40.40.40.2
R3(config)#do wr
Building configuration...
[OK]
R3(config)#
Konfigurasi pada router 4 :
R4>enable
R4#configure terminal
R4(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R4(config-if)#no shutdown
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R4(config-if)#no shutdown
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#int fa 0/0
R4(config-if)#ip address 40.40.40.2 255.255.255.240
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#int fa 0/1
R4(config-if)#ip add
R4(config-if)#ip address 50.50.50.1 255.255.255.240
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#
R4>ena
R4#conf ter
R4(config)#ip route 30.30.30.0 255.255.255.240 40.40.40.1
R4(config)#ip route 20.20.20.0 255.255.255.240 40.40.40.1
R4(config)#ip route 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.240 40.40.40.1
R4(config)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 10.10.10.0 [1/0] via 40.40.40.1
20.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 20.20.20.0 [1/0] via 40.40.40.1
30.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 30.30.30.0 [1/0] via 40.40.40.1
40.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 40.40.40.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
50.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 50.50.50.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
R4(config)#
R4#configure terminal
R4(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/0
R4(config-if)#no shutdown
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1
R4(config-if)#no shutdown
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#int fa 0/0
R4(config-if)#ip address 40.40.40.2 255.255.255.240
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#int fa 0/1
R4(config-if)#ip add
R4(config-if)#ip address 50.50.50.1 255.255.255.240
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#
R4>ena
R4#conf ter
R4(config)#ip route 30.30.30.0 255.255.255.240 40.40.40.1
R4(config)#ip route 20.20.20.0 255.255.255.240 40.40.40.1
R4(config)#ip route 10.10.10.0 255.255.255.240 40.40.40.1
R4(config)#do sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR
P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
10.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 10.10.10.0 [1/0] via 40.40.40.1
20.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 20.20.20.0 [1/0] via 40.40.40.1
30.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
S 30.30.30.0 [1/0] via 40.40.40.1
40.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 40.40.40.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
50.0.0.0/28 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 50.50.50.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
R4(config)#
